A co-infection with Mycobacterium tuberculosis and Mycobacterium avium in a HIV positive patient

Case Report

Abstract

Introduction: The association between Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and the Human Immunodeficiency Virus has the capacity to accelerate the deterioration of immunological functions. The risks are even more accentuated in the situation of a Non-tuberculous Mycobacterium and Mycobacterium Tuberculosis co-infection. Case presentation: We present the case of a 59-year-old male patient, who presented at the hospital with non-specific symptoms. Further investigations reveal a remarkable particularity about the case: The infection with Mycobacterium Tuberculosis was urogenital, whereas the one with Non-tuberculous Mycobacteria was pulmonary. Conclusion: Both Mycobacterium Tuberculosis and Non-tuberculous strains can exist within the same infection, posing great difficulties for diagnosis, as well as the treatment scheme.