Anti-obesity and Antioxidant Effects of Ethanol Extract of Fingerroot Rhizomes (Boesenbergia pandurata Roxb.) on High-Carbohydrate Diet-induced Mice

Abstract

Objective: Obesity is defined as the abnormal and excessive accumulation of fat. Enlargement of white adipose tissue due to obesity activates the sympathetic nervous system to stimulate lipolysis to break down fat extensively. This causes a lot of free fatty acids to circulate in the body. Excessive circulating free fatty acids affect many cells and produce oxidative stress, which spreads throughout the body. This research aimed to determine the anti-obesity and antioxidant effects of ethanol extract of B. pandurata rhizome (EEBP). Methods: Fingerroot rhizomes were extracted using maceration and the extract was used for in vivo, antioxidant, and total flavonoid concentration tests. Anti-obesity test was carried out by dividing mice into 6 groups such as normal controls, obese controls, standard groups, and extract-treated groups (100, 200, 400 mg/kg b.w). The in vivo test parameters observed included measurement of body weight and also liver, kidney, spleen, and retroperitoneal fat index measurement. Furthermore, in this research antioxidant test was performed using the DPPH method. Results: In vivo test showed that the administration of EEBP at a dose of 400 mg/kg b.w. effectively decreased body weight and retroperitoneal fat, but slightly affected the organ index of mice such as the liver, renal, and spleen. Furthermore, the antioxidant test showed that the IC₅₀ EEBP results obtained were 37,05 µg/ml. In addition, the total flavonoid content found in the EEBP is 15,775 mgQE/g. Conclusion: The present study showed that EEBP may have a considerable potential anti-obesity agent and also has a very strong antioxidant effect.