The impact of body mass index on lipid profile, blood pressure, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus: a comparative study

Alina Elena Răuță; Robert Aurelian Tiucă; Alina Dia Trâmbițaș-Miron; Mariana Cornelia Tilinca

doi:10.2478/amma-2021-0001

Alina Elena Răuță UPU-SMURD, Emergency County Hospital, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
Robert Aurelian Tiucă Clinic of Endocrinology, County Clinical Hospital Mureș, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
Alina Dia Trâmbițaș-Miron Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, "George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania
Mariana Cornelia Tilinca Department of Internal Medicine I, "George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology, Tîrgu Mureș, Romania

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amma-2021-0001

Keywords: type 2 diabetes mellitus, body mass index, lipid profile, blood pressure, glucose control

Abstract

Objective: The aim of this study was to highlight the impact of body mass index on the lipid profile, blood pressure, and glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus.

Methods: We conducted an observational, retrospective study on 294 subjects with type 2 diabetes mellitus, hospitalized between 01.06.2018 - 01.06.2019. Subjects were divided into three groups according to body mass index value: group 1 - normal weight, group 2 - overweight, and group 3 - obesity.

Results: Out of the 294 subjects, 59.2% were females. There were 41 subjects in group 1, 89 subjects in group 2, and 164 subjects in group 3. The lipid profile was normal in 68.3% of cases in group 1, being abnormal in 49.4% of cases in group 2 and 56.1% of cases in group 3. We found a statistically significant difference between triglycerides levels in the three groups among males (P = <0.001) and females (P = 0.004). Arterial hypertension was found in 91.2% of cases, its prevalence being statistically significant higher in females (94.8%) than in males (85.8%) (P = 0.011). Most subjects had a poor glycemic control (89.1%) without any statistically significant differences among the three groups.

Conclusions: An increased body mass index in type 2 diabetes mellitus increases the prevalence of various cardiovascular risk factors such as arterial hypertension and dyslipidemia, while glycemic control seems more influenced by the duration of the disease.