Identification & expression of microRNA-34a-3p and its target Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR) in polycystic ovarian syndrome in South Indian Population

Durairaj Sekar; Manya Saravanan; Ameya K P; Ashikha Shirin Usman P P

doi:10.2478/amma-2024-0025

Durairaj Sekar Professor (Research), RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
Manya Saravanan Saveetha Medical College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
Ameya K P RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India
Ashikha Shirin Usman P P RNA Biology Lab, Saveetha Dental College and Hospital, Saveetha Institute of Medical And Technical Science (SIMATS), Saveetha University, Chennai, India

DOI: https://doi.org/10.2478/amma-2024-0025

Keywords: Polycystic ovary syndrome, microRNA-34a-3p, RICTOR, gene expression, diagnosis

Abstract

Abstract

Objectives

Polycystic Ovarian Syndrome (PCOS) is a complex condition affecting 4% to 26% of the population and is characterized by enlarged ovaries and cysts. This study aims to explore the potential of miRNA as therapeutic and diagnostic biomarkers for PCOS, focusing on the identification and expression analysis of novel candidates like miR-34a-3p and its target Rapamycin-insensitive companion of mTOR (RICTOR). The objective is to enhance our understanding of the molecular mechanisms associated with PCOS, particularly the roles of miRNAs in its pathogenesis.

Methods

National Centre for Biotechnology Information (NCBI) database, TargetScan, and miRbase were explored to identify the novel miRNA candidates, resulting in the discovery of miR-34a-3p. Secondary structure was constructed using RNA Fold, and Ct and melt curve analysis assessed its statistical expression levels. Additionally, similar research was conducted to analyze the expression levels of RICTOR, a target of miR-34a-3p.

Result:

The secondary structure showed miR-34a-3p has a minimum free energy of -47.20 kcal. Additionally shows dysregulation in both miR-34a-3p and RICTOR in individuals with PCOS. Furthermore, overexpression of RICTOR and decrease in miR-34a-3p levels suggest their possible role in the pathogenesis of PCOS.

Conclusion

In PCOS, miR-34a-3p turned out to be downregulated, and inverse association between miR-34a-3p and RICTOR levels in the blood samples from PCOS patients was observed. In this study, qRT-PCR results revealed high expression levels of RICTOR in individuals with PCOS. RICTOR serves a crucial function in the mTOR pathway regulating insulin signaling, metabolism, and cellular growth all of which are implicated in the pathogenesis of PCOS.